Turbulence

Turbulence is a type of fluid flow characterized by chaotic, irregular, and unpredictable motion of the fluid particles.  In turbulent flow, the fluid undergoes rapid fluctuations in velocity and pressure at various points in the flow field.  This chaotic behavior results in the formation of eddies, vortices, and swirls within the fluid.

Turbulence is a topic of great interest in fluid dynamics, and it plays a role in various fields, including aviation, meteorology, engineering, and environmental science.  Scientists and engineers study turbulence to better understand its behavior, develop models and simulations, and design systems that can withstand or take advantage of turbulent flows.