Atmosphere

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Atmosphere, abbreviated as ATM, refers to the layer of gases that surrounds a planet or celestial body and is held in place by its gravity.  On Earth, the atmosphere is the layer of gases that surrounds our planet and is composed primarily of nitrogen (78%), oxygen (21%), and trace amounts of other gases such as argon, carbon dioxide, and neon.  The Earth's atmosphere is divided into several layers based on temperature and composition.  The lowest layer is the troposphere, which extends from the Earth's surface up to an altitude of about 8-18 kilometers, depending on the location. 

Tags: Gas Air

The troposphere is where most of the Earth's weather occurs and where the air temperature decreases with increasing altitude.  Above the troposphere is the stratosphere, which extends up to an altitude of about 50 kilometers.  The stratosphere contains the ozone layer, which absorbs harmful ultraviolet radiation from the sun.  Above the stratosphere are the mesosphere, thermosphere, and exosphere.

The Earth's atmosphere plays a vital role in supporting life on our planet by providing oxygen for respiration, protecting us from harmful solar radiation, and regulating the Earth's temperature through the greenhouse effect.  The composition and properties of the atmosphere can also have important effects on climate, weather, and environmental conditions.

Over time it has evolved to what it is today consists of

  • Nitrogen - 78.084%
  • Oxygen - 20.95%
  • Argon - 0.934%
  • Carbon Dioxide - 0.036%
  • Neon - 0.0018%
  • Helium - 0.0005%
  • Methane - 0.00017%
  • Hydrogen - 0.00005%
  • Nitrous Oxide - 0.00003%
  • Ozone - 0.000004%
  • and smaller traces of other gasses

 

Atmosphere CONVERSION TABLE

MultiplyByTo Get
  1 atmosphere, atm
  1.01325 Bar
  101.32501 Centibar
  76 Centimeter of Mercury (at 0C or 32F)
  1033.22755 Centimeter of Water (at 4C or 40F)
     
  1013250.1 Dyne/Square Centimeter
  26222.22605 Foot of Air (at 0C or 32F)
  27667.0947 Foot of Air (at 15C or 60F)
  33.89854 Foot of Head
  2.49344 Foot of Mercury (at 0C or 32F)
     
  33.89854 Foot of Water (at 4C or 40F)
  1033.22755 Gram-force/Square Centimeter
  314666.7126 Inch of Air (at 0C or 32F)
  332005.1363 Inch of Air (at 15C or 60F)
  29.92126 Inch of Mercury (at 0C or 32F)
     
  406.7825 Inch of Water (at 4C or 40F)
  0.00101 Kilobar
  1.03323 Kilogram-force/Square Centimeter
  10332.27555 Kilogram-force/Square Meter
  0.01033 Kilogram-force/Square Millimeter
     
  101.32501 Kilopascal
  2.11622 Kip/Square Foot
  0.0147 Kip/Square Inch
  0.10133 Megapascal
  7992.53431 Meter of Air (at 0C or 32F)
     
  8432.93068 Meter of Air (at 15C or 60F)
  10.33492 Meter of Head
  101325.01 Pascal
  2116.21684 Pound/Square Foot
  14.69595 Pound/Square Inch
     
  0.94474 Ton/Square Foot (Long Ton)
  1.05811 Ton/Square Foot (Short Ton)
  0.00656 Ton/Square Inch (Long Ton)
  0.00735 Ton/Square Inch (Short Ton)
  760.00007 Torr
     
  1033.22755 Water Column (Centimeter)
  406.7825 Water Column (Inch)
  10332.27555 Water Column (Millimeter)

 

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Tags: Gas Air