Wrought Iron
Wrought iron is a type of iron with a very low carbon content, in contrast to cast iron. It has fibrous inclusions known as slag, which are elongated particles of impurities. This gives it a grain resembling wood, which is why it's sometimes referred to as "fibrous iron." Wrought iron is known for its toughness, malleability, and ductility.
Wrought iron carbon content
Wrought iron typically has a very low carbon content, generally less than 0.08%. The low carbon content is a distinguishing feature of wrought iron and contributes to its unique properties, such as toughness, malleability, and ductility. The process of making wrought iron involves working the iron at high temperatures and removing impurities, which helps maintain this low carbon content.
It's worth noting that the carbon content of wrought iron is significantly lower than that of cast iron, which can have a carbon content ranging from 2% to 4%. The low carbon content in wrought iron contributes to its fibrous structure, making it suitable for forging and shaping through various manufacturing processes.
Key Points and uses of wrought iron
- Low Carbon Content - Wrought iron typically contains less than 0.08% carbon. This low carbon content makes it strong and tough.
- Forged and Worked - The term "wrought" means worked. Wrought iron is worked by hammering or rolling at a high temperature. This process removes impurities and creates a fibrous structure, giving it strength and flexibility.
- Corrosion Resistance - Wrought iron has good corrosion resistance due to the fibrous slag inclusions that form a protective layer on the metal surface. However, it is not as corrosion resistant as stainless steel.
- Historical Significance - Wrought iron has been used for centuries in the construction of buildings, bridges, and various types of tools. Its use was particularly common in the 18th and 19th centuries.
- Decorative Applications - Wrought iron is often used in decorative applications, such as gates, fences, railings, and furniture. Its malleability allows for intricate designs and artistic details.
- Fading Usage - In current times, the use of wrought iron has decreased with the availability of other materials like steel and aluminum, which can be produced more economically. However, wrought iron is still valued for its aesthetic qualities in certain architectural and artistic contexts.
It's important to note that the term "wrought iron" is sometimes used more broadly to refer to any worked iron, even if it has a higher carbon content. The traditional definition, as described above, refers to iron with a very low carbon content.
