Hoop Stress Buckling Load (External Pressure or Vacuum) Formula |
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| \( \Delta p_{max} \;=\; \dfrac{ 2 \cdot \lambda }{ 3 } \cdot \left( \dfrac{ t }{ D } \right)^3 \) | ||
| Symbol | English | Metric |
| \( \Delta p \) = Change in Pressure | \(lbf\;/\;in^2\) | \(Pa\) |
| \( \lambda \) (Greek symbol lambda) = Elastic Modulus | \(lbf\;/\;in^2\) | \(Pa\) |
| \( t \) (Greek symbol sigma) = Wall Thickness | \( in \) | \( mm \) |
| \( D \) = Outside Diameter | \( in \) | \( mm \) |
