Tribology is the branch of science and engineering that studies the interactions between surfaces in relative motion, with a primary focus on friction, wear, and lubrication. It examines how materials behave when they slide, roll, or come into contact under load, and how surface properties, contact mechanics, and environmental conditions influence energy loss and material degradation. Tribology integrates principles from mechanical engineering, materials science, physics, and chemistry to understand and control surface interactions. Its applications are widespread, ranging from machine components such as bearings, gears. By reducing friction and wear through proper material selection, surface treatment, and lubrication, tribology plays a critical role in improving efficiency, reliability, and service life of mechanical systems.
