Surge

Surge is a sudden and temporary increase in voltage or current in an electrical circuit.  Surges can vary in duration and intensity and may be caused by various factors.

common types of electrical surges

• Voltage Surge (Voltage Spike)  -  This type of surge involves a brief increase in voltage levels.  Voltage surges can be caused by events such as lightning strikes, power grid switching, or the sudden cessation of a large electrical load.  Lightning is a particularly common cause of voltage surges, as the immense energy associated with a lightning strike can induce a spike in the electrical system.
• Current Surge (Current Spike)  -  This surge involves a sudden increase in electrical current within a circuit.  Current surges can be caused by factors such as the switching on or off of large electrical loads, short circuits, or faults in the electrical system.

To protect electronic devices and electrical systems from surges, surge protection devices (SPDs) are often employed.  These devices, such as surge protectors or lightning arrestors, are designed to divert or limit the excessive voltage or current during a surge, preventing damage to connected equipment.  Surges can be damaging to electronic devices and appliances, and they are a common cause of equipment failures.  Therefore, it is advisable to use surge protection measures to safeguard sensitive equipment and ensure the reliability of electrical systems.