Nodal Delay Formula |
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| \( D_{noda} \;=\; D_{prop} + D_{tran} + D_{queu} + D_{proc} \) | ||
| Symbol | English | Metric |
| \( D_{noda} \) = Total Nodal Delay | - | \(ms\) |
| \( D_{prop} \) = Propagation Delay | - | \(ms\) |
| \( D_{tran} \) = Transmission Delay | - | \(ms\) |
| \( D_{queu} \) = Queuing Delay | - | \(ms\) |
| \( D_{proc} \) = Processing Delay | - | \(ms\) |
Nodal delay is the time a data packet spends at a particular network node before moving on to the next hop in its path. This delay can arise from several factors:
Processing Delay - The time taken by routers and switches to process the packet header, perform routing decisions, and handle error checking.
Queuing Delay - The time a packet spends waiting in the queues of routers and switches before being transmitted, which can vary depending on network congestion.
Transmission Delay - The time taken to push all the packet's bits onto the transmission medium (dependent on the packet size and the transmission rate).
Propagation Delay - The time taken for a signal to propagate across the physical medium between devices (based on distance and speed of signal propagation).
