Hazen-Williams Hydraulic Grade
In Hazen-Williams coefficient, the hydraulic gradient is one of the parameters used in the equation to calculate the flow rate of water through a pipe. The hydraulic grade, or hydraulic gradient, is a parameter in hydraulic engineering, as it helps determine the direction and rate of flow of water in a pipe or open channel. It takes into account the elevation changes and head losses along the flow path.
Hazen-Williams Hydraulic Grade Formula |
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\( m \;=\; \left( \dfrac{ v }{ C \cdot 1.318 \cdot r_h^{0.63} } \right)^{1 / 0.54} \) (Hazen-Williams Hydraulic Grade) \( v \;=\; C \cdot 1.318 \cdot r_h^{0.63} \cdot m^{0.54} \) \( C \;=\; \dfrac{ v }{ 1.318 \cdot r_h^{0.63} \cdot m^{0.54} } \) \( r_h \;=\; \left( \dfrac{ v }{ C \cdot 1.318 \cdot m^{0.54} } \right)^{1 / 0.63} \) |
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| Symbol | English | Metric |
| \( m \) = Hydraulic Grade Line slope | \( dimensionless \) | \( dimensionless \) |
| \( v \) = Mean Flow Velocity | \(ft \;/\; sec\) | \(m \;/\; s\) |
| \( C \) = Hazen-Williams Coefficient, see below for values | \( dimensionless \) | \( dimensionless \) |
| \( r_h \) = Hydraulic Radius | \( ft \) | \( m \) |
Hazen-Williams Hydraulic Grade Formula |
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\( m \;=\; \left( \dfrac{ Q }{ C \cdot 0.285 \cdot d^{2.63} } \right) ^{1/0.54} \) (Hazen-Williams Hydraulic Grade) \( Q \;=\; C \cdot 0.285 \cdot d^{2.63} \cdot m^{0.54} \) \( C \;=\; \dfrac{ Q }{ 0.285 \cdot d^{2.63} \cdot m^{0.54} } \) \( d \;=\; \left( \dfrac{ Q }{ C \cdot 0.285 \cdot m^{0.54} } \right) ^{1/2.63} \) |
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| Symbol | English | Metric |
| \( m \) = Hydraulic Grade Line slope | \( dimensionless \) | \( dimensionless \) |
| \( Q \) = Flow Rate | \(ft^3 \;/\; sec\) | \(m^3 \;/\; s\) |
| \( C \) = Hazen-Williams Coefficient, see below for values | \( dimensionless \) | \( dimensionless \) |
| \( d \) = Pipe Inside Diameter | \( in \) | \( mm \) |
