Physics Constants
A physics constant is a fixed numerical value that is used in various scientific equations and theories to represent a fundamental physical quantity. These constants remain constant under specific conditions and provide a standardized way for scientists to express and relate different physical phenomena. Physics constants are often derived from experimental observations and are crucial for understanding the fundamental laws of physics.
Examples of physics constants include the speed of light, Planck's constant, gravitational constant, elementary charge, and others mentioned in the previous response. These constants serve as building blocks for mathematical formulations and are employed in a wide range of scientific disciplines, such as classical mechanics, quantum mechanics, thermodynamics, and electromagnetism.
- A - B - C - D - E - F - G - H - I - J - K - L - M - N - O - P - Q - R - S - T - U - V - W - X - Y - Z
Physics Constants |
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| Symbol | Value | Unit |
| A | ||
| Acceleration of Gravity | \( g = 9.806,65 \) | \(m \;/\; s^2\) |
| Alpha Particle Mass | \(m_a = 6.644,657 \;x\;10^{-27} \) | \( kg \) |
| Angular Planck Constant | \(a_p = 1.054,571 \;x\;10^{-34} \) | \(J-s\) |
| Atomic Mass Constant | \(m_u = 1.660,538 \;x\;10^{-27} \) | \( kg \) |
| Avogadro Number | \(N_a = 6.022,141 \;x\; 10^{+23} \) | \(count \;/\; mol\) |
| B | ||
| Bohr Magneton | \( \mu_b = 9.274,009 \;x\;10^{-24} \) | \(J \;/\;T \) |
| Bohr Radius | \( a_o = 5.291,772 \;x\;10^{-11} \) | \( m \) |
| Boltzmann Constant | \( k_b = 1.380,648 \;x\;10^{-23} \) | \(kJ \;/\; mol-K \) |
| C | ||
| Characteristic Impedance of Vacuum | \(Z_0 = 376.730,313,668 \) | \(\Omega\) |
| Conductance Quantum | \(G_0 = 7.748,091 \;x\;10^{-5} \) | \(S\) |
| Coulomb's Constant | \( k_e = 8.987,551 \;x\;10^{+9} \) | \(N-m^2 \;/\; C^2 \) |
| E | ||
| Earth Dry Land Surface Area | \( 1.489,40 \;x\; 10^{+14} \) | \( m^2 \) |
| Earth Equatorial Radius | \( 6.378,1 \;x\; 10^{+6} \) | \( m \) |
| Earth Equatorial Rotation Speed | \( 465.1 \) | \( m \;/\; s \) |
| Earth Escape Velocity | \( 1.118,6 \;x\; 10^{+4} \) | \( m \;/\; s^{-1} \) |
| Earth Mass | \( 5.973,6 \;x\; 10^{+24} \) | \( kg \) |
| Earth Mean Density | \( 5.515 \;x\; 10^{+3} \) | \( kg \;/\; m^{-3} \) |
| Earth Mean Radius | \( 6.371,0 \;x\; 10^{+6} \) | \( m \) |
| Earth Mean Surface Pres. | \( 1.013,25 \;x\; 10^{+5} \) | \( kg-m^{-1} \;/\; s^{-2} \) |
| Earth Mean Surface Temp. | \( 287.2 \) | \( K \) |
| Earth Mean Orbit Velocity | \( 2.978,0 \;x\; 10^{+4} \) | \( m \;/\; s^{-1} \) |
| Earth Polar Radius | \( 6.356,8 \;x\; 10^{+6} \) | \( m \) |
| Earth Semi-major Orbital Axis | \( 1.495,982,61 \;x\; 10^{+11} \) | \( m \) |
| Earth Surface Area | \( 5.100,720 \;x\; 10^{+14} \) | \( m^2 \) |
| Earth Mean Surface Pressure | \( 1.013,25 \;x\; 10^{+5} \) | \( Pa \) |
| Earth Volume | \( 1.083,21 \;x\; 10^{+21} \) | \( m^3 \) |
| Electric Constant | \( e_0 = 8.854,187 \;x\ 10^{-12} \) | \( F \;/\; m \) |
| Electron Gravitational Coupling Constant | \( a_{ge} = 2.40 \;x\; 10^{-19} \) | \( dimensionless \) |
| Electron Mass | \( m_c = 9.109,381 \;x\; 10^{-31} \) | \( kg \) |
| Electron Magnetic Moment | \( \mu_e = - 9.284,764 \;x\; 10^{-24} \) | \( J \;/\; T \) |
| Electron Molar Mass | \( \mu_e = 5.485,799 \;x\; 10^{-7} \) | |
| Electron Rest Energy | \( m_ec^2 = 8.187,105 \;x\; 10^{-14} \) | \( J \) |
| Electron Rest Mass | \( m_e = 9.109,382 \;x\; 10^{-31} \) | |
| Electron Volt | \( e = 1.602,176 \;x\; 10^{-19} \) | \( J \) |
| Elementary Change | \( e = 1.602,176 \;x\; 10^{-19} \) | \( C \) |
| F | ||
| Faraday Constant | \(Fa = 9.648,533 \;x\;10^{+4} \) | \(C \;/\; mol\) |
| Fermi Coupling Constant | \(G_f = 1.435 \;x\;10^{-36} \) | \(J \;/\; m^3\) |
| Fine Structure Constant | \( \alpha = 7.297,352 \;x\;10^{-3} \) | \(dimensionless \) |
| First Radiation Constant | \(c_1 = 3.741,771 \;x\;10^{-16} \) | \(W \;/\; m^2\) |
| G | ||
| Gas Constant | \(R = 8.314\;462\;618\;153\;24\) | \(J \;/\; kmol-K \) |
| Gravitational Constant | \( G = 6.674,08 \;x\; 10^{-11} \) | \(N-m^2 \;/\; kg^2\) |
| H | ||
| Hartree Energy | \(E_h = 4.359,744 \;x\; 10^{-18} \) | \( J \) |
| Hubble Constant | \(H_0 = 2.25 \;x\; 10^{-18} \) | \(1 \;/\; s\) |
| Hydrogen Mass Constant | \( m_H = 1.673,532 \;x\;10^{-27} \) | \( kg \) |
| I | ||
| Ideal Gas Constant | \(R = 8.314,462,618,153,24\) | \(J \;/\; kmol-K\) |
| Impedance of Vacuum | \( Z_o = 376.730,313,461... \) | \(\Omega\) |
| Inverse of Conductance Quantum | \(G_0^{-1} = 1.290,640 \;x\;10^{+4} \) | \(\Omega\) |
| Inverse of Fine Structure Constant | \(\alpha^{-1} = 137.035,999,074 \) | \(dimensionless \) |
| J | ||
| Josephson Constant | \(K_j = 483,597.848 \;x\;10^{+9} \) | \(Hz \;/\; V\) |
| L | ||
| Loschmidt Constant | \(n_o = 2.686,777 \;x\;10^{25} \) | \( m^3 \) |
| M | ||
| Magnetic Constant | \( \mu_o = 1.256,637 \;x\;10^{-6} \) | \(H \;/\; m\) |
| Magnetic Flux Quantum | \(\Phi_o = 2.067,833 \;x\;10^{-15} \) | \(Wb\) |
| Magnetic Permeability Vacuum | \( \mu_0 = 1.256,637 \;x\; 10^{-6} \) | \(N \;/\; A^2\) |
| Molar Gas Constant | \( R = 8.314,462,1 \) | \(J \;/\; kmol-K \) |
| Molar Mass | \( M = 0.999,999 \;x\;10^{-3} \) | \(kg \;/\; mol\) |
| Molar Mass Constant | \( M_u = 0.999,999 \;x\;10^{-3} \) | \(kg \;/\;mol\) |
| Molar Mass of Carbon-12 | \(M^{12C} = 11.999,999 \;x\;10^{-3} \) | \(kg \;/\;mol\) |
| Molar Planck Constant | \(N_{ah} = 3.990,312 \;x\;10^{-10} \) | \(J-s \;/\; mol\) |
| Molar Volume of Ideal Gas | \(V_m = 22.413,968 \;x\;10^{-e} \) | \(m^3 \;/\; mol\) |
| Mole | \( n = 6.022,140 \;x\;10^{+23} \) | \(mol\) |
| N | ||
| Neutron Mass | \( m_n = 1.674,927 \;x\;10^{-27} \) | \( kg \) |
| P | ||
| Permeability of Vacuum | \(\mu_o = 1.256,637 \;x\;10^{-6} \) | \(H \;/\; m\) |
| Permittivity of Vacuum | \( \epsilon_o = 8.854,187 \;x\;10^{-12} \) | \(F \;/\; m\) |
| Pi | \(\pi = 3.141,592,653 ... \) | \( dimensionless \) |
| Planck Constant | \(h = 6.626,069 \;x\; 10^{-34} \) | \(J \;/\; s\) |
| Planck Energy | \( E_p = 1.956 \;x\;10^{+9} \) | \(J \) |
| Planck Length | \( l_p = 1.616,229 \;x\;10^{-35} \) | \( m \) |
| Planck Mass | \( m_p = 2.176,435 \;x\;10^{-8} \) | \( kg \) |
| Planck Temperature | \( T_p = 1.416,785 \;x\;10^{+32} \) | \( K \) |
| Planck Time | \( t_p = 5.391,247 \;x\;10^{-44} \) | \( s \) |
| Proton Mass | \( m_p = 1.672,621 \;x\;10^{-27} \) | \( kg \) |
| Proton Rest Energy | \( mc^2 = 1.503,277 \;x\;10^{-10} \) | \( J \) |
| Proton Rest Mass | \( m_p = 1.672,621 \;x\;10^{-27} \) | \( kg \) |
| Q | ||
| Quantum of Circulation | \( 3.636,947 \;x\;10^{-4} \) | \( m^2 \;/\; s \) |
| R | ||
| Radiation Constant | \( m_c = 7.565,767 \;x\; 10^{-16} \) | \(J \;/\; m^3-K^4 \) |
| Reduced Plank Constant | \( h =1.054,571 \;x\;10^{-34} \) | \(J-s\) |
| Richardson Constant | \( A = 1.201,73 \;x\;10^{+6} \) | \(A-m^2 \;/\; K^2\) |
| Rydberg Constant | \(R_{\infty} = 1.097,373 \;x\;10^{+7} \) | \(m^{-1}\) |
| S | ||
| Sackur-Tetrode Constant | \(S_{0/R} = -1.164,870,8\) | \( dimensionless \) |
| Second Radiation Constant | \( c_2 = 1.438 ,777 \;x\;10^{-2} \) | |
| Solar Illuminance | \( 1.280 \;x\;10^{+5} \) | \( lx \) |
| Solar Illuminance Efficiency | \( 93 \) | \(lm \;/\; W\) |
| Specific Gas Constant | \( R = 287\) | \(J \;/\; kg-K\) |
| Speed of Light | \( c = 2.997,924,58 \;x\;10^{+8} \) | \(m \;/\; s\) |
| Speed of Light in Vacuum | \( c = 2.997,924,58 \;x\;10^{-8} \) | \(m \;/\; s\) |
| Speed of Light Wave Velocity | \( c = 299,792,458 \) | \(m \;/\; s\) |
| Stefan-Boltzmann Constant | \( \sigma = 5.670,374 \;x\;10^{-8} \) | \(W \;/\; m^2-K^4\) |
| Sun Escape Velocity | \( 6.176 \;x\;10^{+2} \) | \(m \;/\; s\) |
| Sun Mean Density | \( 1.408 \;x\;10^{+3} \) | \(kg \;/\; m^3\) |
| Sun Mass | \(1.989,10 \;x\;10^{+30} \) | \( kg \) |
| Sun Mean Radius | \( 6.955,0 \;x\;10^{+8} \) | \( m \) |
| Sun Volume | \( 1.412,26 \;x\;10^{+27} \) | \( m^3 \) |
| V | ||
| Vacuum Electric Permittivity | \( \varepsilon_0 = 8.854,187 \;x\; 10^{-12} \) | \(F \;/\; m\) |
| Vacuum Magnetic Permeability | \( \mu_0 =1.256,637 \;x\;10^{-6} \) | \(N \;/\; A^2\) |
| von Karman Constant | universal used 0.40 (between 0.35 and 0.42) | \(dimensionless \) |
| von Klitzing Constant | \( R_k = 2.581,280 \;x\;10^{+4}\) | \(\Omega\) |
Tags: Constant